Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune condition that affects millions globally, including a growing number of people in India. If someone in your family has RA, you might wonder: Is it genetic? Could I develop it too? These are valid concerns. The truth is, while RA is not strictly hereditary, genetics do play a role.

In this blog, we’ll unpack the connection between RA and family history, look at the role of genes and environment, and guide you on what you can do if you're at higher risk.

What Causes Rheumatoid Arthritis?

In the chronic autoimmune disease known as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the immune system unintentionally targets the joints, resulting in stiffness, pain, and swelling. As opposed to age-related joint issues, RA can strike individuals as young as thirty and frequently affects multiple joints in a symmetrical manner, such as both knees or wrists. This inflammation has the potential to weaken bone and cartilage over time, resulting in decreased mobility and joint deformity. Additional organs like the eyes or lungs may also be impacted by RA. If not identified and treated promptly, it can have a major impact on day-to-day living and is more prevalent in women.RA doesn’t exist in isolation it is part of a broader category of immune disorders that involve abnormal immune responses targeting healthy tissues.

Understanding the Causes Of Rheumatoid Arthritis And Its Treatment helps patients and families take early steps toward managing the condition effectively.

Can Rheumatoid Arthritis Be Passed Down?

RA doesn’t follow simple inheritance like eye color, but genes do play a role. Studies show that having a first-degree relative with RA increases your risk by about three to five times compared to the general population.

One of the strongest genetic risk factors is the HLA-DR4 gene, part of a group called human leukocyte antigens (HLAs), which help the immune system recognize harmful invaders. People with this gene are more likely to develop RA, particularly if they also smoke.

Are There Tests to Check Your Risk?

Doctors can’t predict with certainty who will develop RA, but a few tools help assess risk:

• HLA typing can detect the presence of high-risk genes like HLA-DRB1, which is linked to more severe RA.
  
  

• Blood tests for rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-CCP antibodies may appear years before symptoms.
  
  

• If you have a strong family history, your doctor may monitor you closely for early signs of joint inflammation.
  
  

What Should You Know If You’re Planning Surgery?

People with RA sometimes need joint replacement or other surgeries. If you’re on blood thinners, you might ask—how long do blood thinners stay in your system after surgery?

• For injectable anticoagulants like Evaparin 40 (containing Enoxaparin), the effects usually wear off within 12–24 hours after stopping the dose.
  
  

• Oral anticoagulants may take 2–5 days depending on the medication and your kidney function.
  
  

Always follow your doctor’s guidance to time medications properly around any surgical procedure.

How long do blood thinners stay in your system after surgery?

The duration blood thinners remain in your system after surgery depends on the type of medication used, your overall health, kidney function, and the dosage prescribed. Short-acting blood thinners, like Enoxaparin (Evaparin 40), generally stay in the system for 12 to 24 hours after the last dose. Oral anticoagulants, such as warfarin or newer agents like apixaban or rivaroxaban, may linger for 2 to 5 days, depending on their half-life. Your doctor typically stops these medications a few days before surgery and resumes them afterward based on your bleeding and clotting risks. Always follow your surgeon's or physician’s guidance when stopping or restarting blood thinners, as improper use can lead to serious complications.

Can You Prevent RA If It Runs in the Family?

There’s no guaranteed way to prevent RA, but you can lower your risk—especially if you know you’re genetically predisposed.

Here are smart habits that may help:

• Avoid smoking—it’s a strong and preventable trigger.
  
  

• Stay active with gentle exercises like swimming or yoga.
  
  

• Eat an anti-inflammatory diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 fats.
  
  

• Manage weight and reduce stress, both of which affect immune function.
  
  

• Get regular check-ups if you have joint stiffness, fatigue, or other symptoms.
  
  

What Are Your Treatment Options If Diagnosed?

If you develop RA, early treatment is key to preventing joint damage and preserving mobility.

Common options include:

• DMARDs (Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs) like methotrexate, which slow disease progression.
  
  

• Biologic therapies for moderate to severe RA:
  1. Humimab HC Injection (adalimumab) is often used to block inflammatory signals.
  2. Enbrel injection (etanercept) targets a protein called TNF-alpha that fuels inflammation.
  
  

• Pain relievers, NSAIDs, and short-term steroids to manage flares.
  
  

Doctors usually customize treatment plans based on your age, lifestyle, severity of symptoms, and how well you respond to medications.

What Are the Warning Signs of RA to Watch For?

RA often starts subtly. Look for early signs like:

• Morning stiffness lasting more than 30 minutes
  
  

• Swelling in small joints—especially fingers, wrists, or knees
  
  

• Fatigue or low-grade fever
  
  

• Difficulty gripping or holding objects
  
  

• Joint pain that comes and goes but gradually worsens
  
  

If you notice these symptoms—especially with a family history—don’t ignore them. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent permanent joint damage.

Final Thoughts

While rheumatoid arthritis can run in families, genes alone don’t determine your fate. Environmental and lifestyle factors play a big role. If you have a family history of RA, staying informed, making healthy choices, and consulting a doctor at the first sign of symptoms can make a huge difference.

With the right support and treatment, people with RA can live full, active lives—even if the condition is part of their family story.