The Hidden Risk in Restrooms: The Danger of p-DCB in Urinal Blocks
Urinal blocks have become a staple in public toilets worldwide, aimed at combating odours and maintaining cleanliness. However, lurking within these seemingly harmless products lies a hidden danger: p-Dichlorobenzene. This chemical compound, commonly found in urinal blocks, poses various risks to human health and the environment.
This article delves into the potential hazards associated with p-Dichlorobenzene exposure, shedding light on the need for safer public restroom hygiene and maintenance alternatives. It will also look at the benefits of using urinal blocks, urinal mats and urinal cleaners.
Understanding p- Dichlorobenzene
p-Dichlorobenzene, also known as paradichlorobenzene, is an aromatic compound and a member of the chlorobenzene family. It is a white crystalline solid with a distinct and pungent odour. The chemical is primarily used as a pesticide to control moths, carpet beetles, and other insect pests. However, its deodorising properties have led to its inclusion in urinal blocks to counteract unpleasant smells in public toilets.
Health Hazards of p-Dichlorobenzene Exposure
Inhalation Risks
When urinal blocks containing p-Dichlorobenzene come into contact with water or urine, the compound vaporises, releasing harmful fumes into the air. Inhalation of these vapours can lead to respiratory irritation, dizziness, headaches, and nausea. Long-term exposure has been linked to more severe respiratory issues and potential damage to the liver and kidneys.
Carcinogenic Potential
Studies on animals have shown that prolonged exposure to p-Dichlorobenzene can lead to the development of tumours in the liver and kidneys. While the direct link between p-Dichlorobenzene and human cancer is not yet fully established, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies it as a Group 2B possible human carcinogen, warranting caution regarding its usage.
Reproductive and Developmental Effects
Research indicates that pregnant women exposed to p-Dichlorobenzene may face an increased risk of adverse reproductive and developmental outcomes. These risks include low birth weight, developmental delays, and potential impacts on foetal development.
Environmental Impact
Water Contamination
p-Dichlorobenzene is highly persistent in water and can leach into groundwater systems. Once in the environment, it can accumulate in aquatic organisms and lead to ecological imbalances, disrupting food chains and aquatic life.
Air Pollution
The sublimation of p-Dichlorobenzene from urinal blocks contributes to indoor air pollution, leading to poor air quality in confined spaces like public toilets. Additionally, p-Dichlorobenzene can evaporate into the atmosphere when disposed of in landfills, contributing to outdoor air pollution.
Occupational Exposure
Cleaning staff and maintenance workers who regularly handle urinal blocks are at a heightened risk of occupational exposure to p-Dichlorobenzene. These individuals face inhalation risks and skin contact, which may lead to skin irritation and chemical absorption into the bloodstream.
Regulations and Safer Alternatives
Regulations
Several countries have imposed restrictions on the use of p-Dichlorobenzene due to its potential health and environmental risks. For instance, the European Union’s Biocidal Products Regulation (BPR) restricts its use in certain applications.