Chapter 1: The Theory of Thin Slices: How a Little Bit of Knowledge Goes a Long Way In this chapter Gladwell wrote about the extraordinary power of human which will predict the future outcomes. The theory of thin slicing is the way to judge about the people, things or events. The opinion about something, someone or about any event is clearly described by doing research. This chapter tells us about the story of one psychologist John Gottman from the University of Washington who done research on people and after completing that researches he will tell them about their future. He was famous for telling the couples that either their marriage will last longer, or not and his findings were mostly true around 90% of his predictions were true. Due to that reason many people finds him an authentic person who has abilities to judge the couples about their marriages. Gottman was considered as most reputed among other psychologist. He uses to observe the couples in his love lab to check their compatibility. He can judge about their relation by looking at their gestures, talking styles, anger, disgust, defensiveness etc. He can easily judge the couple within 15 minutes or less. Gottman is the psychologist who can easily predict about the people with some simple tests in his love lab. He said it’s not necessary to know any person in real to tell about them. He said you can predict about anyone’s personality just by asking them few question and watching their reactions and you’ll know about their personality. Actually he watches the video tape of the couple that is of at least 15 minutes in which he acknowledges the talking style of couple. Some time couple fights, sometimes they feel compassionate and so on. Human nature is not consistent it changes time to time. The concept of thin slicing is how any person can understand the forgery of statue or how any person can understand about the marriages of the couples will last longer or not. Even how these things can be predicted by a normal human being with just blink of an eye or within just 15 minutes that’s what Gladwell called thin-sliced. Thin sliced concept is based on the understanding of behavior of the people that leads to successful prediction. On the basis of video tape that was made in the love lab of Gottman, he predict the future of the couple but if the video tape is of one hour than he can predict 95 percent accurately about the couple that either they would still in a relation after fifteen years. A professor who works with Gottman named Sybil Carrère, who was playing around with some of the videotapes, trying to design a new study, discovered that if they watched at only three minutes of a couple talking video , they could still predict fairly impressive accuracy who was going to get divorced and who was going to make it. The truth of a marriage can be understood in a much shorter time than anyone ever imagined. Gottman was a conscientious objector, during a Vietnam War. He is a psychologist by training and he is also studied mathematics at MIT. He also writes his most famous book named The Mathematics of Divorce. He use to work by sitting on his computer and watching the videos carefully and predicting their behavior and tells them that either their marriage will be continued or not. What makes him to know the future is just conscious and deliberate thinking on the conversation between the couples. Great deal of deliberate thinking on the small set of experience is somewhat known as thin-slicing.Thin sliced concept is based on the understanding of behavior of the people that leads to successful prediction. On the basis of video tape that was made in the love lab of Gottman, he predict the future of the couple but if the video tape is of one hour than he can predict 95 percent accurately about the couple that either they would still in a relation after fifteen years. A professor who works with Gottman named Sybil Carrère, who was playing around with some of the videotapes, trying to design a new study, discovered that if they watched at only three minutes of a couple talking video , they could still predict fairly impressive accuracy who was going to get divorced and who was going to make it. The truth of a marriage can be understood in a much shorter time than anyone ever imagined. Gottman was a conscientious objector, during a Vietnam War. He is a psychologist by training and he is also studied mathematics at MIT. He also writes his most famous book named The Mathematics of Divorce. He use to work by sitting on his computer and watching the videos carefully and predicting their behavior and tells them that either their marriage will be continued or not. What makes him to know the future is just conscious and deliberate thinking on the conversation between the couples. Great deal of deliberate thinking on the small set of experience is somewhat known as thin-slicing.

Chapter 2: The Locked Door: The Secret Life of Snap Decisions Vic Braden who is famous top class tennis coach, have some extra ordinary power of prediction by which he can predict that player will do double fault. He is quite experienced tennis guy and a coach too. But to know something that no one could knew that what would be the score after a moment is just impossible. Vic sometimes, said he gets afraid of his decisions as all the decisions are getting correct. It never effects on his prediction that either he is watching the tennis match on TV, on ground or how the well the ball is served. He always knew when the player will do double fault. He predicted sixteen out of seventeen double faults correctly predicted and not only this he predicted twenty out of twenty correct prediction about the a tennis player who was never double fault. Braden himself said that he really don’t know how he correctly predict about the players that they will do double fault right after this moment. He said that feeling in which you don’t know how you knowing the things prior their happening torturing. He think too much that what move he picks that leads him towards the thinking of double fault but ah its of no use. Hence, he really doesn’t know what make him to know correctly about the tennis players. Gladwell suggest that subconscious mind game which he called thin-slicing that is done by our sub conscious mind and we really don’t have any idea that how we make it. When Harrison and Hoving and the Greek experts first confronted the kouros they said we can’t express that what we feel when we saw the statue. They said it feels like thousands of humming birds popping in and out of their mind and they feel immense rush of previous thoughts that leads them to predict about the statue’s forgery. He also thinks about discovering that how people attract their opposite gender. What qualities they want to see in some people to start relationship with them. They think all the aspects in which they are quite well. They want to relate their personal liking and disliking. The Gladwell want to see what type of people want to make relationship with those people whom they think that they had similarities between them. Gladwell is certain that when someone find similar qualities in opposite gender they attract towards them and try to know about their life and try to know more about them. He studied about those people who start dating and ends up in a break up or match up. Gladewell also tell people that he is good at knowing people in accurate way that either their marriage will last longer than fifteen years or not. They were dating with someone, but it is not certain that either their dating is effective that can leads them to marriage. That no one knows that couples will make up or not but Gladwell knows that by having little experience he did experiment on the couple by taping the video that video is of 15 minutes and those 15 minutes are enough for him to know about the couple’s future. This concept of thin slicing is the best way to know about someone before getting into a relationship.

Chapter 3: The Warren Harding Error: Why We Fall For Tall, Dark, and Handsome Men In this chapter Gladwell gives the example of warren Harding who was selected as a president but he is not intelligent and he is not made to work as President. He was considered as a worst president of the American history. The point author wants to tell here is that people are not like the way they looked. People can also give preference on the basis of their sect, white, brown or black. It’s in human nature that they give preference to those people whom they either know well or they relate somehow with them. As Warren Harding don’t looked presidential. It’s not only the thinking of the author but it’s also the thinking of the nation. Actually he can’t handle the presidential situation of the country as he served the country only two years and due to excess work load he got heart attack. Well it’s a conception that people like to pick those people in electoral process or in picking the employees for their organization. People always prefer those people who have some relation with them or either they make the relation with them by having same gestures, skin color, or anything similar between them. People like someone on the basis of race, gender. That is found by Gladwell according to his research. He also set different tests to judge the reaction or psychological view point of the people about anything which affects the society and norms. He used several initial Association Tests commonly known as ‘’ IAT’’ and in this test the author tells about they try to study or research on those people who were males or females with careers and homes. According to that research Gladwell want to know about what sort of careers seemed attracted to what type of people. Those people who were more concerned about their homes, life style and people around them. He also discussed Haward race IAT to know psychology of the people. In that test he conducted a computerized test in which people try to match the photos of Asian, European, American etc. Our first impression about something is based upon our experience that how we start liking or disliking about anything. It also tells about that impression leave long lasting effect on our mind. People use thin-slice to know the people that are done by the impressions that create on other people. Experience which is called thin-slice by Gladwell. He said we can change our image before the people by changing our impressions that leaves our long lasting impact on people. According to Gladwell If you are a white person who would like to treat black people as equals in every way who would like to have a set of associations with blacks that are as positive as those that you have with whites-it requires more than a simple commitment to equality. It shows that if you want to change your life you have to give importance to minorities before you that will put positive impact about you on their memory. If you will fulfill the commitment it also leaves an impact of responsibility. It also shows that how concerned you are to someone or something. It’s easy for others to get their answer based on their experiences as Gladewell can tell exactly the true answer about the people who are tested in his IAT tests. According to Gladwall people are tests on their previous experience and he can judge the people as they can give them the tests and he leads to the conclusion based on those tests that either a person will be comfortably lives his life with his or her spouse or they will feel difficulties. He is quite serious about his theory that human subconscious mind is involved in all activities which are performed by the person. Like the tennis player who can easily judge about the people that after this very moment the tennis player will do the double fault. This theory of thin-slice actually changed the life of people. Amazingly after knowing about the love lab of Gladwell people want to know their marriage position after fifteen years and they want to give the tests which he suggested for them. They even wanted to know that why some dating failed even before the dating people like all aspect about each other but after some time they can’t feel like to be with them as their thinking goes against them. According to Gladewell how we can think about someone that they are best for us.

• Because we think they are best due to their physical appearance.

• Because we think they somehow relates with us.

• Because we think they can handle the situation like in the case of Warren Harding as he was not a good choice for the people of the country

• People’s looks and their gestures can mislead people

• Sometimes those gestures can lead others to thin slice about them and they can let others to memorize some important details about them

• In case of Gladewell he memorize the important gestures in his mind and when he saw those gestures or any of the relevant things he understands about the couples that they will leads to better relationship or not.

• Due to that we can think that yes we can predict the future by thinly slice our previous experience.

• Some people make decision about others based on their cast or creeds. That leads them towards success or towards failure.

• In case of Warren Harding people were so much trusted him as president as he has the most strong personality. But they end up regretting on their selection.

Chapter 4: Paul Van Riper’s Big Victory: Creating Structure for Spontaneity Paul van Riper is a tall man, lean man with glasses he looks sophisticated personality. He has commanding voice and his friend’s call him Rip. When he was twelve he was sited with his twin brother in a car and they read about the Korean War. That’s why Paul decided that when he will grow up he will become marine corp. In his first tour in Vietnam, he was almost cut in half by gunfire while taking out a North Vietnamese machine gun outside Saigon. In 1968, he returned to Vietnam, and this time he was the commander of Mike Company (Third Battalion, Seventh Marines, First Marine Division) in the rice-paddy-and-hill country of South Vietnam between two treacherous regions the marines called Dodge City and the Arizona Territory. There his task was to stop the North Vietnamese from firing rockets into Danang. Before he got there, the rocket attacks in his patrol area were happening once or even twice a week. In the three months he was in the bush, there was only one. Richard Gregory said “I remember when I first met him like it was yesterday,” who was Van Riper’s gunnery sergeant in Mike Company. “It was between Hill Fifty-five and Hill Ten, just southeast of Danang. We shook hands. He had that crisp voice, low to middle tones. Direct, Concise, Confident, without a lot of icing on the cake. That’s how he was, and he maintained that every day of the war. He had an office in our combat area hooch but I never saw him in there. He was always out in the field or out near his bunker, figuring out what to do next. If he had an idea and he had a scrap of paper in his pocket, he would write that idea on the scrap, and then, when we had a meeting, he would pull out seven or eight little pieces of paper. Once he and I were in the jungle a few yards away from a river, and he wanted to reconnoiter over certain areas, but he couldn’t get the view he wanted. The bush was in the way. Damned if he didn’t take off his shoes, dives into the river, swims out to the middle, and treads water so he could see downstream.” He further told the story about the Vietnam War that the war was quite aggressive and many of our marine soldiers died and they fought bravely as they did training about how to win the tactics in the war. He know all the strategies as he gone through all the hustle bustle of training that leads him to be successful and he never feel buzzard during the training.Van Riper was strict soldier who always follow rules. He also told that during the Vietnam War he was called from the radio and he picked the radio someone gives them order to stop the people who were heading towards your position. There were one hundred twenty one people who were heading towards them and they were only nine tropes. The strategy that they follow is they tried to use some tactics to operate them and they also said that we will engaged them until you will send more troops to stop them forcefully. So they will stop those people by engaging them. Van Riper’s career ended as he retired from his long and distinguished career because he fought the fight that will have the expenditure of entire military budget. In the end he broken up with the Government somewhere in Persian gulf and threatened them to engulf all their country as many terrorist organization supported them.

Chapter 5: Kenna’s Dilemma: The Right-and Wrong-Way to Ask People What They Want Kenna is famous for rock music. He grew up in Virginia Beach, he is an Ethiopian immigrant and his father did Masters in economics so they sifted to Virginia Beach and his father was a professor in Cambridge University. He said that his father likes Kenny Rogers as he has some important message to tell the people in his songs. His songs reflect his thoughts that how the money matter a lot in different things and how the world work for them. Kenna’s uncle usually visits their home and shows many different songs to him but kenna at his early age was not really fond of music but he like to go outside with his neighbor and spend time with him by doing skateboarding. He like skateboarding as he usually saw this neighbor who use to go out to do different tricks with skateboard and those tricks fascinate him a lot. By the time later on, when kenna becomes young he looked like a Rock star as he had a Rock star look. He was polite, handsome and modest in his thoughts and appearance. Kenna is a person who thinks that it’s good to let others know about the him rather than telling them who is he. During his mid teenage kenna learn to play piano and he listen Stevie Wonder and Marvin Gaye because he want to learn music. He then went to the talent show over there there was a piano at the audition but not in the show so he decided to sing the song of Brian McKnight song a cappella. He started writing music. He scraped together some money to rent a studio. He recorded a demo. His songs were different-not weird, exactly, but different. They were hard to classify. Sometimes people want to put Kenna in the rhythm-and-blues category, which irritates him because he thinks people do that just because he’s black. If you look at some of the Internet servers that store songs, you can sometimes find his music in the alternative section and sometimes in the electronica section and sometimes in the unclassified section. One enterprising rock some critic has tried to solve the problem simply by calling his music a cross between the British new wave music of the 1980s and hip hop. Kenna says ‘’ in my life everything seems to lie in piece’’. He then launched many CDs about his music. In a course of a week Kallman use to launch more than hundred CDs of different singers. When Kallman listen Kenna he was stund he liked his music so much.Kenna also launched his music video on MTV1 and MTV2 and he use to be famous. Kallman gave his music video to all the Atlantic and they use to on air his music videos. Then he want to be on air on the radio but the famous music band like U2 tries to make him into the radio but it’s necessary for kanna to be liked buy the general public to get on air on radio. McGuinness said, pointing at Kenna, “he’s going to change the world.” That was his instinctive feeling, and the manager of a band like U2 is a man who knows music. But the people whose world Kenna was supposed to be changing, it seemed, couldn’t disagree more, and when the results of all of the consumer research came in, Kenna’s once promising career suddenly stalled.

Chapter 6: Seven Seconds in the Bronx: The Delicate Art of Mind Reading This chapter is about tell the readers about an average boy Diallo from Guinea who was twenty two year old during 1999, he working as a peddler in lower Manhattan, selling videotapes and socks and gloves from the sidewalk along Fourteenth Street. five foot six and 150 pounds, and he lived at 1157 Wheeler, on the second floor of one of the street’s narrow apartment houses. On the night of February 3, 1999, Diallo returned home to his apartment just before midnight, talked to his roommates, and then went downstairs and stood at the top of the steps to his building, taking in the night. A few minutes later, a group of plainclothes police officers turned slowly onto Wheeler Avenue in an unmarked Ford Taurus. There were four of them-all white, all wearing jeans and sweatshirts and baseball caps and bulletproof vests, and all carrying police-issue 9-millimeter semiautomatic handguns. They were part of what is called the Street Crime Unit, a special division of the New York Police Department, dedicated to patrolling crime “hot spots” in the city’s poorest neighborhoods. Driving the Taurus was Ken Boss. He was twenty-seven. Next to him was Sean Carroll, thirty-five, and in the backseat were Edward McMellon, twenty-six, and Richard Murphy, twenty-six. Caroll looked at the Diallo at first and he said to him that hold up and said what the guy is with you doing there? One thought was that might be Dialo was a robber who tried to looked like a visitor to show him up that he came here for visitinf and another thought was that Dialo was a serial rapist who was active since one year. After that those police officer chased them they went to the house over there they entered into the room and hide inside the doorknob then police officers came in and they shouted at them that come out side they came outside but they have hands in their pockets one officer warned them to take out the hands from your pocket either we will kill you. After some time of talking they saw that they have gun. Dialo throw a black thing on the officers and they think that Dialo start open fire on them. After that when the police officers started to aim on them and started firing them. Actually the police officers assume the black thing in the hand of Ed was a gun and they keep following them and aiming them. They thought Dialo fired on them and Ed also makes some silly mistakes by not show up what he has or not telling them that we are innocent. Police officers when thought that they are criminals who don’t ready to give up and they also thought that they start shooting on them. So they think to arrest them or shoot them. So they make announcement for them to give up but they start hiding from police officers. In the end they were running so police officers start open fire on them and Ed got the shot and Dialo on the other hand shouted and says that I’m out I’m straight out. So the police officers stop shooting on them. Later the offier checked the hands of Ed but he found the wallet in his hand not the gun he shouted angrily that where’s the gun. They thought he threw the gun in the run way. Dialo was crying as Ed expired because ambulance came late.

Conclusion: This book is the Master piece of Gladwell as he shows the human nature and psychology related to human life. He discussed about the ups and downs in human life and on the basis of those ups and downs they make conclusion and remember about the previous events to easily think about the events. Thin slicing is the way in which how one person easily feels what is coming next to them. In this book Gladwell tried to tell his readers that in different scenarios how human mind works! In the first chapter Gladwell gives the expple of the couple that he can easily understand if they will live with each other after fifteen years or not. He do that by taping the video of the couple when they were talking with eachother on any matter. That video tape was only of 15 minute length. This is the less time which any person can judge about the future of any one. He further said that If you will provide me one hour video I will tell you their either the dating with the person leads you to have longer relationship or not. That was really amazing that many people feels that his finding are correct 95 percent about them. So this is how he reads the mind of the people to know about their future. In the second chapter he talks about a person who was former tennis player and a coach but he has the ability to tell the double fault on the game which never happen frequently in the game. He amazes many people when he said twenty correct out of twenty finding. He also has the ability to tell the correct prediction about the double fault either he’s at home or he is in stadium. No matter where he is he is more putting concentration and get the correct prediction. In the third chapter Gladwell talks about the person who was the worst president of the American history as when people tried to select him by voting they consider him just because of his outlook not by his actions. So many people regret that why we select that president. After that he was died out of heart attack. In that chapter the author tries to tell the audience that people mostly follow the appearance. It means physical appearance also puts great impact on human mind. So that is also an example of thin slicing. In chapter four he talked about Paul van Riper is a tall man, lean man with glasses he looks sophisticated personality. He has commanding voice and his friend’s call him Rip. When he was twelve he was sited with his twin brother in a car and they read about the Korean War. That’s why Paul decided that when he will grow up he will become marine corp. In his first tour in Vietnam, he was almost cut in half by gunfire while taking out a North Vietnamese machine gun outside Saigon. Who fought for the country but after sometimes, he had a break up with the government and he lived exile life with association of terrorist organization. In the fifth chapter he talks that Kenna is famous for rock music. He grew up in Virginia Beach, he is an Ethiopian immigrant and his father did Masters in economics so they sifted to Virginia Beach and his father was a professor in Cambridge University. He said that his father likes Kenny Rogers as he has some important message to tell the people in his songs. His songs reflect his thoughts that how the money matter a lot in different things and how the world work for them. Kenna’s uncle usually visits their home and shows many different songs to him but kenna at his early age was not really fond of music but he like to go outside with his neighbor and spend time with him by doing skateboarding after that he was a known Rock star. In the sixth last chapter he tells about the story about robbers who died due to misunderstanding between cops and them.